![]() Laminated products and sometimes plywood can be a problem as in addition to the glue lines they have a top and bottom finish that should not be damaged. Tool life is an issue because of glues and resins used to bind the materials. Man-made products include MDF, particleboard, plywood, and laminate stock. Wood also contains moisture and natural oils, which affect tool life. Wood has a grain structure, which can aggravate tear-out during routing and necessitate using climb to reduce material damage. Basically, the rake angle is adjusted to a higher angle of attack in soft than in hard-wood. Natural wood may be soft or hard and the tool geometry must be adjusted accordingly. Skip tabs are recommended for smaller parts because they tend to move after several parts are cut which opens up more area for vacuum loss.Ĭutting Wood Wood is can be divided into natural wood, both hard and soft, man-made products, or wood by-products. If you are cutting small parts out on a composite wood vacuum table, then solid carbide tools are required due to the abrasiveness of the table. If the bits are clogging up try reducing spindle RPM, Increasing Feed Rate, harder aluminum, and better cooling. Aluminum always needs cooling to reduce clogging. Spindle speeds should be between 14,000 and 24,000 RPM. If two or more passes are needed because of tool deflection, higher requirement for part finish, or it is faster, then leave at least 0.75mm of material on the part for the finish cut. In all single cut operations conventional cut path is recommended. ![]() Harder aluminum can have better finish with double flute. Soft aluminum requires single flute cutters. The harder materials generally function better in the consistent feeding environment, such as CNC machinery.Īs this is a brief introduction, we will only look at single sheet, vacuum held applications. ![]() High-speed steel and carbide tipped tools are generally used for manually fed routers while solid carbide and PCD diamond mostly used for CNC operations.Īs hardness of tool material increases, the toughness decreases. The choice of tooling depends on the material being machined and the equipment it is being machined with. Tool Materials Tools in the industrial market place involve high-speed steel, carbide tipped, solid carbide, and PCD diamond. This page will try to take you through the different types of cutters so that you can make the correct decisions when purchasing your routers bits. You also have to choose between straight cut, bull-nose, v-groove, or specialized shapes, also whether it is made for speed or accuracy, and they come in diameters from a pinpoint to over 100mm for standard CNC routing. You achieve different results depending on whether you get up-cut, down-cut straight or compression. ![]() It also determines the finish of your design, and how fast you can cut the material. The bit that you choose determines the type of work you can do, whether it is carving, cutting, surfacing, or grooving. ![]()
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